Loanwords in Japanese (外来語) and Chinese (外來語)

Summary

In the bonus episode, we talk about loanwords in Japanese (外来語) and Chinese (外來語). We give examples according to five different categories: food, sports, musical instruments, other objects, and abstract concepts. And again, the episode ends with a battle between the two language learners. Have fun with us!

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picture courtesy of Jr Korpa

Transcription

【Timecodes & Examples】

00:28 Background knowledge (Chinese) (Boston Globe)
02:41 Calques
03:02 熱狗_{rè gǒu} (Hotdog)
03:14 蜘蛛人_{zhī zhū rén} (Spiderman)
05:42 Background knowledge (Japanese) (漢語ーかんご、和語ーわご、外来語ーがいらいご、混
          種語ーこんしゅご)
10:10 三明治_{sān míng zhì}/三文治 (Sandwich)
10:35 Four ways to form loanwords in Chinese; i.e. 巴士_{bā shì} (Bus)、喬拜登_{qiáo bài dēng} (Joe
          Byden)、軟體_{ruǎn tǐ} (Software)、新鮮人_{xīn xiān rén} (Freshman)、綠卡_{lǜ kǎ} (Green card)、脫口
          秀_{tuō kǒu xiù} (Talk show)、經濟_{jīng jì} (Economics)、政治_{zhèng zhì} (Politics)
15:40 <Five categories: Food> i.e. サンドイッチ (Sandwich)、ヨーグルト (Yoghurt/優格_{yōu gé})、
          コーヒー (Coffee/咖啡_{kā fēi})
17:01 <Five categories: Sports> i.e. 高爾夫_{gāo ěr fū} (Gold/ゴルフ)、保齡球_{bǎo líng qiú} (Bowling/ボ
          ーリング)、芭蕾_{bā lěi} (Ballet/バレエ)
18:24 <Five categories: Musical instruments> i.e. Violin(バイオリン/小提琴_{xiǎo tí qín})
20:05 <Five categories: Other objects> i.e. Pen(ペン/筆_bǐ)、Headphone (ヘッドフォン/耳機_{ěr
             jī})、Screen (スクリーン=画面_がめん/螢幕_{yíng mù})、スカート(Skirt/裙子_{qún zǐ})、夾克_{jiá kè}
           (jacket)、迷你裙_{mí nǐ qún} (Mini skirt)、比基尼_{bǐ jī ní} (Bikini)
22:47 <Five categories: Abstract> i.e. 幽默_{yōu mò} (Humor/ユーモア)、ストレス(Stress/壓力_{yā
             lì})、メンタル(Mental/心理的_{xīn lǐ de})、コンセプト=概念_がいねん(Concept/概念_{gài niàn})、  
           Romantic (羅曼蒂克_{luó màn dì kè}=浪漫_{làng màn})
26:17 The Quiz

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【 TTC Bonus 1: Quiz】

Take a guess! What do these loanwords mean in English?

[Japanese]
Question 1: ワクチン
Question 2: フェア
Question 3: ルーティン
Question 4: プレゼン
Question 5: サブスク

[Chinese]
Question 1: 紅不讓 _{hóng bù ràng}
Question 2: 奧林匹克 _{ào lín pī kè}
Question 3: 嬉皮 _{xī pí}
Question 4: 卡司 _{kǎ sī}
Question 5: 杯葛 _{bēi gě}

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[Japanese]
Answer 1: Vaccine
Answer 2: Fair
Answer 3: Routine
Answer 4: Presentation
Answer 5: Subscription

[Chinese]
Answer 1: Home run
Answer 2: Olympics
Answer 3: Hippie
Answer 4: Cast
Answer 5: Boycott

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